Hospitality and Ubuntu in Volunteer Tourism Experiences across Africa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/intellectus.2024.81591Keywords:
hospitality, ubuntu, volunteer tourismAbstract
The African continent stands out as one of the most sought-after and visited destinations for volunteer tourism. In the countries of the sub-Saharan region, there is a shared philosophy and relational ethic known as ubuntu, emphasizing the interconnectedness of human beings, underpinning African hospitality. This study aims to investigate how hospitality and ubuntuoccur in volunteer tourism experiences. Qualitative exploratory-descriptive research was conducted, collecting data through semi-structured interviews with two Afro-Brazilian volunteers who were in South Africa and Ghana. Regarding African hospitality, the volunteers highlighted the impactful expressions of joy, happiness, gratitude, and simplicity from their hosts. It became evident that volunteer tourism fosters social bonds based on intrinsic ubuntu values such as cooperation, mutual respect, and solidarity.
Downloads
References
ARENDS, Jessica (2016). In theRightRelationship: A Case StudyofInternational Service Learning in EasternAfrica. In: LARSEN, Marianne A. (Ed.). International Service Learning:Engaging Host Communities. London: Routledge, pp. 108-118.
BAZIRAKE, Joseph Besigye& SAHILU, Eskedar (2015). VolunteerTourismamongAfricanYouth: AnAnalysisoftheProspects, Challenges, andOpportunities. The InternationalJournalofOrganizationalDiversity, vol. 14, n. 4, pp. 1-10.
BENTHAM, Jeremy (1879). The principlesofmoralsandlegislation. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
CASTIANO, José Paulino (2010). Referenciais da Filosofia Africana: Em busca da Intersubjectivação. Maputo: Ndjira, 2010.
CHOULIARAKI, Lilie (2011). ‘Improperdistance’: Towards a criticalaccountofsolidarity as irony. InternationalJournalof Cultural Studies, vol. 14, n. 4, pp. 363-381.
CONRAN, Mary (2011). Theyreallylove me! Intimacy in volunteertourism. AnnalsofTourismResearch, vol. 38, n. 4, pp. 1454-1473.
DAVIES, Simeon E. H. &OLIVIER, Carolé (2016). A utilitarian perspective ofvolunteertourism in Africa. AfricanJournalofHospitality, TourismandLeisure, vol. 5, n. 4, pp. 1-14. Disponível em: <http://www.ajhtl.com/uploads/7/1/6/3/7163688/article_22_vol_5__4_.pdf>. Acesso em: 26 jan. 2024.
DOUGHTY, Jeremy R. (2020). A narrativestudyof South Africancommunitymembers’ experienceswithaninternationalservice-learningprogram. InternationalJournalofResearchon Service-Learning andCommunityEngagement, vol. 8, n. 1, p. 12661.
DZOBO, NoahKomla (1992). The Imageof Man in Africa. In: WIREDU,Kwasi&GYEKYE,Kwame. (Eds.). Person andCommunity:GhanaianPhilosophicalStudies I. Washington: Council for Research in ValuesandPhilosophy, pp. 132-145.
EZE, Michael Onyebuchi (2010). Intellectualhistory in contemporary South Africa. New York: PalgraveMacmillan.
FRANCIS, Cyril (2010). Ubuntuandskillsdevelopment in theOverbergregionofthe Western Cape. SkillsatWork:TheoryandPracticeJournal, vol. 3, n. 1, pp. 27-43. Disponível em: <http://hdl.handle.net/2263/32332>. Acesso em: 26 jan. 2024.
GADE, Christian B. N (2011). The HistoricalDevelopmentoftheWrittenDiscoursesonUbuntu. South AfricanJournalofPhilosophy, vol. 30, n. 3, pp.303-329.
GADE, Christian B. N (2012). WhatisUbuntu? DifferentInterpretationsamong South AfricansofAfricanDescent. South AfricanJournalofPhilosophy, vol. 31, n. 3, pp. 484-503.
HARTMAN, Eric& KIELY, Richard (2014).Pushingboundaries: Introductiontothe global service-learningspecialsection. Michigan JournalofCommunity Service Learning, vol. 21, n. 1, pp. 55-63. Disponível em: <http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.3239521.0021.105>. Acesso em: 26 jan. 2024.
HARTMAN, Eric (2016). Fair Trade Learning: A Framework for Ethical Global Partnerships. In: LARSEN, Marianne A. (Ed.). International Service Learning:Engaging Host Communities. London: Routledge, pp. 215-234.
JEFFERESS, David (2016). Cosmopolitanappropriationorlearning? Relationandaction in global citizenshipeducation. In: LANGRAN, Irene& BIRK, Tammy (Eds.). Globalizationand global citizenship:Interdisciplinary approaches. London: Routledge, pp. 87-98.
KASHINDI, Jean-Bosco Kakozi (2015). Metafísicas Africanas – Eu sou porque nós somos. Revista IHU On-Line, São Leopoldo, n. 477. Entrevista concedida a Ricardo Machado. Disponível em: <http://www.ihu.unisinos.br/entrevistas/548478-metafisicas-africanas-eu-sou-porque-nos-somos-entrevista-especial-com-jean-bosco-kakozi-kashindi>. Acesso em: 26 jan. 2024.
KASHINDI, Jean-Bosco Kakozi (2017). Ubuntu como ética africana, humanista e inclusiva. Cadernos IHUideias. São Leopoldo, vol. 15, n. 254, pp. 3-22. Disponível em: <http://www.ihu.unisinos.br/images/stories/cadernos/ideias/254cadernosihuideias.pdf>. Acesso em: 26 jan. 2024.
KAUNGU, GideonMuchiri (2021). Reflectionsonthe Role ofUbuntu as an Antidote to Afro-Phobia. JournalofAfrican Law, vol. 65, n. S1, pp.153-170.
KHOLOPA, Clement Andrew (2020). A public pastoral response toXenophobia in South Africa:UbuntuandhospitalitywithinanAfrican Christian ethical framework. Thesis (DoctorofPhilosophy in BiblicalStudies) – North-West University,Potchefstroom, 2020. Disponível em: <https://repository.nwu.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10394/36491/29702860%20Kholopa%20CA.pdf?sequence=1>. Acesso em: 26 jan. 2024.
LARKIN, Allyson (2016). I AmBecauseWe Are: Rethinking Service Learning andthePossibilityof Learning FromUbuntu. In: LARSEN, Marianne A. (Ed.). International Service Learning:Engaging Host Communities. London: Routledge, pp. 252-262.
LARSEN, Marianne A. (2016). International Service Learning: Engaging Host Communities – Introduction. In: LARSEN, Marianne A. (Ed.). International Service Learning:Engaging Host Communities. London: Routledge, pp. 3-18.
LEWIS, David (2006). Globalisationandinternationalservice: A development perspective. VoluntaryAction, vol. 7, n. 2, pp. 13-25. Disponível em: <https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.712.279&rep=rep1&type=pdf>. Acesso em: 26 jan. 2024.
MATURANA, Humberto & DÁVILA, Ximena. Humberto Maturana, Premio Nacional de Ciencias: “Lo importante es entender que llegóel momento de mirarnos y escucharnos”. La Tercera, 9 abr. 2020. Entrevista concedida a Andrés Gómez. Disponível em: <https://www.latercera.com/la-tercera-pm/noticia/humberto-maturana-premio-nacional-de-ciencias-lo-importante-es-entender-que-llego-el-momento-de-mirarnos-y-escucharnos/OBEWZDUMPVGNHCSJQJZGDI4HC4/>. Acesso em: 26 jan. 2024.
MATURANA, Humberto & VARELA, Francisco (1995). A árvore do conhecimento: as bases biológicas do entendimento humano. Campinas: Editorial Psy.
MATURANA, Humberto &VERDEN-ZÖLLER, Gerda (2008). The originofhumanness in thebiologyoflove.Exeter: ImprintAcademic.
MATURANA, Humberto (2020). Humberto Maturana y sureflexión sobre la pandemia de coronavirus: “Si no nos escuchamos, iremos directo a laextinción”. La Tercera, 30 abr. 2020.Entrevista concedida a Paulina Sepúlveda. Disponível em: <https://www.latercera.com/que-pasa/noticia/humberto-maturana-y-su-reflexion-sobre-la-pandemia-de-coronavirus-si-no-nos-escuchamos-iremos-directo-a-la-extincion/4MEHHYWP7JAUVOA33GNICDHW6I/>. Acesso em: 26 jan. 2024.
MBITI, John Samuel (1969). AfricanReligions&Philosophy. Garden City: Praeger.
MILL, John Stuart (1864). Utilitarianism. London: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, and Green.
MURPHY, Jessica (2016). Resipwosite as a Guiding Framework for Rethinking Mutual Exchange in Global Service Learning Partnerships: FindingsFrom a Case Studyofthe Haiti Compact. In: LARSEN, Marianne A. (Ed.). International Service Learning:Engaging Host Communities. London: Routledge, pp. 175-188.
NUSSBAUM, Barbara (2003). Ubuntu: Reflectionsof a South Africanonour common humanity.Reflections: The SoLJournal, vol. 4, n. 4, pp.21-26. Disponível em: <https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.464.5175&rep=rep1&type=pdf>. Acesso em: 26 jan. 2024.
OYĚWÙMÍ, Oyèrónkẹ́ (1997). The inventionofwomen: makinganAfricansenseof western genderdiscourses. Minneapolis: Universityof Minnesota Press.
PRAEG, Leonhard (2014). A reportonUbuntu.Pietermaritzburg: UniversityofKwaZulu-Natal Press.
RAMOSE, Mogobe Bernard (1999).AfricanPhilosophythroughUbuntu. Zimbábue: Mond Books.
RAMOSE, Mogobe Bernard (2002). Africa in the global context. In: COETZEE, Pieter Hendrik & ROUX, Abraham. P. J. (Eds.). The AfricanPhilosophy Reader. Cape Town: Routledge. pp. 641-762.
RIOS NETO, Antônio Sales (2021). Maturana: sem cooperação e alteridade, não há futuro. Outras palavras. [S. l.], 07 maio 2021. Disponível em: <https://outraspalavras.net/crise-civilizatoria/maturana-sem-cooperacao-e-alteridade-nao-ha-futuro/>. Acesso em: 26 jan. 2024.
SANTOS, Milton (1998). As Formas da Pobreza e da Dívida Social. In: Momento Nacional da Semana Social Brasileira, 3., 4-8 ago. 1998. Anais. Indaiatuba: Mosteiro de Itaici, 1998. p.9-21. Disponível em: <http://www.miltonsantos.com.br/site/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/As%20formas%20da%20pobreza%20e%20da%20d%C3%ADvida%20social_MiltonSantos1999.pdf>. Acesso em: 26 jan. 2024.
SIMPSON, Kate (2004). 'Doingdevelopment': The gap year, volunteer-touristsand a popular practiceofdevelopment. JournalofInternationalDevelopment, vol. 16, n. 5, pp. 681-692.
TEMPELS, Placide Frans (2016). A Filosofia Bantu.Trad. Amélia A. Mingas e ZavoniNtondo. Luanda: Edições Kuwindula.
TRUTH AND RECONCILIATION COMMISSION (1998). TruthandReconciliationCommissionof South Africa Report. Cape Town, vol.1. Disponível em: <https://www.justice.gov.za/trc/report/finalreport/Volume%201.pdf>. Acesso em: 26 jan. 2024.
WILLIAMS, HlumeloSiphe (2018). WhatIstheSpiritofUbuntu? HowCanWeHave It in OurLives? Global Citizen. Disponível em: <https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/ubuntu-south-africa-together-nelson-mandela/>. Acesso em: 26 jan. 2024.
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (2020). WHO Director-General'sopeningremarksatthe media briefing on COVID-19 – 11 March 2020. 11 Mar. 2020b. Disponível em: <https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020>. Acesso em: 19 mai. 2021.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Diego Ribeiro Santos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
Os autores mantêm os direitos autorais e concedem à revista Intellèctus o direito de publicação, sob uma Licença Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional, a qual permite que outros distribuam, remixem, adaptem e criem a partir do seu trabalho, mesmo para fins comerciais, desde que lhe atribuam o devido crédito pela criação original.
Os dados e conceitos abordados são da exclusiva responsabilidade do autor.
A revista Intellèctus está licenciada com uma licença Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional
![Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional](https://www.e-publicacoes.uerj.br/intellectus/management/settings/<p xmlns:cc="http:/creativecommons.org/ns#" xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"><span property="dct:title">Intellèctus</span> is licensed under <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/?ref=chooser-v1" target="_blank" rel="license noopener noreferrer" style="display:inline-block;">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International<img style="height:22px!important;margin-left:3px;vertical-align:text-bottom;" src="https://mirrors.creativecommons.org/presskit/icons/cc.svg?ref=chooser-v1" alt=""><img style="height:22px!important;margin-left:3px;vertical-align:text-bottom;" src="https://mirrors.creativecommons.org/presskit/icons/by.svg?ref=chooser-v1" alt=""></a></p>){kind=link}