Paleoecologia x Ecologia: Uma interação necessária?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/sustinere.2021.54334Palavras-chave:
Paleoecologia do Tempo Profundo, Neoecologia, Detecção imperfeita, Diversidade, Riqueza de espécies, UniformitarianismoResumo
O principal objetivo da paleoecologia é reconstruir a trajetória de vida dos organismos e suas relações ao longo do tempo geológico. Embora forneça dados importantes sobre organismos e comunidades, ecólogos, em geral, não a incluem em seus estudos. Diversos métodos foram desenvolvidos e adaptados no decorrer dos séculos, a fim de promover uma melhor interação entre ecólogos e paleoecólogos. Apesar de bem conhecida, a paleoecologia ainda necessita substituir metodologias obsoletas e desenvolver novas ferramentas para sanar as questões relativas à limitação do registro fossilífero. Incontestavelmente, a maior parte dos avanços em estudos paleoecológicos está concentrada em ambientes do Quaternário. No entanto, tais resultados refletem apenas uma pequena parte da história do planeta, enquanto permanecem muitos hiatos a serem respondidos ao longo do tempo profundo. Além disso, muitas metodologias mantiveram-se por gerações na paleoecologia, mas empregá-las apenas por esta justificativa não resulta num bom argumento científico. A ecologia aplica, por exemplo, a detecção imperfeita para fornecer estimativas de riqueza de espécies, o que poderia ser uma alternativa viável para a paleoecologia. Certamente, mais estudos são necessários para sua melhor aplicação em paleoecologia, porém essa seria uma boa oportunidade de acrescer a interação entre ecólogos e paleoecólogos.
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