Defensa Pública y estructura social. Convenciones y compromisos hacia el interior de la justicia penal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/rqi.2022.67222Resumo
Resumen
El proceso penal en la Provincia de Buenos Aires se ha visto afectado por reformas radicales en las últimas décadas. Comenzando con el reemplazo completo del código procesal penal en 1998 hasta la introducción de audiencias previas al juicio y procedimientos simplificados para casos declarados en flagrante delito en 2004, las reformas han impactado más que los procedimientos legales; han cambiado la forma en que los actores judiciales se perciben a sí mismos y sus relaciones con la institución. Basado en entrevistas con diez defensores públicos de la Proviencia de Buenos Aires (Argenina), este artículo ofrece un análisis exploratorio sobre cómo las percepciones de los defensores públicos han sido reconfiguradas por esas reformas y en qué medida esos cambios internos han alterado la dinámica interna de la justicia penal. A partir de la sociología de Bernard Lahire y Laurent Thenevot, identificamos en las respuestas de los defensores públicos cómo estos cambios modificaron sus compromisos personales. Mapear esos compromisos nos permite describir los pliegues subjetivos de la Defensa Pública a través de los cuales es posible comprender mejor las decisiones de los defensores públicos al considerar la interiorización que hacen del mundo judicial y su relación con el contexto institucional.
Palabras clave: justicia penal, Defensa Pública, compromisos, Bernard Lahire, Laurent Thenevot
Abstract
The criminal process in the Province of Buenos Aires has been affected by radical reforms in the last decades. Beginning with the complete replacement of the criminal procedure code in 1998 to the introduction of pre-trial hearings and simplified procedures for cases declared in flagrante delicto in 2004 the reforms have impacted more than legal procedures; they have changed the way judicial actors perceive themselves and their relations with the institution. Based on interviews with ten public defenders of the PBA this article offers an exploratory analysis on how public defenders’ perceptions have been impacted by those reforms and to what extent those internal changes have affected the internal dynamics of the PD. Drawing from the sociology of Bernard Lahire and Laurent Thenevot we identify in the public defenders’ responses how these changes affected their personal commitments. Mapping those commitments allow us to describe the subjective folds of the PD through which it is possible to better understand the decisions of public defenders by considering the internalization they make of the judicial world and its relationship with the institutional context.
Keywords: criminal justice, Public Defense, commitments, Bernard Lahire, Laurent Thenevot
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