Armazenamento congelado do caqui: estratégia de prevenção de perdas pós-colheita alinhada aos preceitos da economia circular
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/demetra.2025.80525Palavras-chave:
Diospyroskaki. Compostos bioativos. Armazenamento congelado. Ingredientes inovadores. Sistemas alimentares sustentáveis.Resumo
Introdução: O caqui (Diospyroskaki) é uma fruta de elevado valor nutricional e rica em compostos bioativos com potencial para o desenvolvimento de novos produtos de alto valor agregado. No entanto, por ser sazonal, apresenta perdas significativas no período pós-colheita. Assim, é essencial investir em tecnologias que prolonguem sua vida útil e possibilitem sua disponibilidade na entressafra. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do armazenamento do caqui por congelamento a -18 °C por três meses (P3M) e por um ano (P1Y). Métodos: Foram analisadas a composição química, o perfil de compostos voláteis e a potencial atividade biológica do caqui. Resultados: Não foram observadas diferenças nos teores de cinzas, lipídios, proteínas e minerais entre os períodos avaliados. Houve redução no teor de umidade em P1Y. As razões entre sólidos solúveis totais (°Brix) e acidez titulável total foram de 48,23 (P3M) e 57,84 (P1Y). O armazenamento por um ano afetou a fração volátil. Compostos como tetracosano, 2-etil-1-hexanol, 2,4-dimetil-3-hexanona, o-cimeno, α-terpineol e timol foram detectados apenas em P3M. Verificou-se também redução significativa no teor de fenólicos totais e na capacidade antioxidante (IC50 – ABTS) em P1Y. Os extratosautoclaves de P3M e P1Y apresentaram efeito citotóxico (redução de 30-40% do Alamar Blue®) nas linhagens celulares MCF-7 e MDA-MB-231. Conclusão: O congelamento preserva a composição centesimal, o perfil de mineral e as propriedades físico-químicas do caqui, viabilizando seu uso na entressafra. No entanto, o armazenamento por um ano impacta negativamente os compostos voláteis e antioxidantes, o que limita sua aplicação para a obtenção de aditivos naturais. A extração em autoclave mostrou-se eficaz na eluição de compostos com efeito citotóxico, indicando potencial para investigações futuras.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Carollyne Maragoni-Santos, Matheus Mikio Takeyama , Julia Rabelo Vaz Matheus, Maria Elena Arcanjo , Danielly Cristiny Ferraz da Costa , Mônica Regina da Costa Marques , Ricardo Felipe Alves Moreira , Ana Elizabeth Cavalcante Fai
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