philosophy for children as an educational tool to prevent and combat hate speech
a research intervention in an italian school
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/childphilo.2025.89500Palavras-chave:
discurso de ódio, filosofia para crinaças, pesquisa-intervençãoResumo
Esta contribuição se concentrará em uma investigação-intervenção, dentro de um projeto de doutorado realizado na Universidade de Nápoles Federico II, conduzido na Itália, para combater estereótipos e preconceitos – que estão na base do discurso de ódio –, em uma escola secundária com crianças entre 12 e 13 anos. Os jovens estão particularmente expostos às consequências e aos riscos do discurso de ódio, tanto por não terem experiência e ferramentas culturais e cognitivas (Waltman & Mattheis, 2017; Meddaugh & Kay, 2009) quanto por estarem sempre conectados à web por meio de diferentes dispositivos (Save the Children, 2023; Rothwell, 2023). Para combater o discurso de ódio, a maior parte da literatura de referência sugere intervenções educacionais baseadas na reflexão crítica e na desconstrução de estereótipos a partir de grupos etários mais jovens (Waltman, 2003; 2018; Cohen-Almagor, 2014; Ziccardi, 2016; Commissione Jo Cox, 2017; Meddaugh & Kay, 2009). Entretanto, a educação baseada puramente na reflexão crítica pode não ser suficiente quando trata de compreender plenamente o sofrimento e os danos causados às pessoas pela linguagem do ódio. Ela deve ser acompanhada de uma educação para o pensamento cuidadoso, que aprimora a capacidade de pensar com compaixão e de olhar o mundo a partir de outras perspectivas, desenvolvendo a capacidade de fazer julgamentos de valor (Sharp, 2005). A hipótese da investigação apresentada nesta contribuição é que a Filosofia para Crianças (FpC) pode ser um dispositivo valioso para ajudar as crianças a refletir e desconstruir os estereótipos e preconceitos que formam a base do discurso de ódio.
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