La seguridad pública: los derechos humanos que deben ser garantizados del concepto de la libertad (de la revolución francesa) al de seguridad pública (de los derechos humanos) / Public safety is a human right which must be guaranteed for the rule of law
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/rqi.2017.22762Abstract
DOI: 10.12957/rqi.2017.22762
En este trabajo se planteó que la seguridad, a pesar de que ha variado su adjetivación, como “pública”, “ciudadana”, “nacional”, es un derecho humano que debe ser garantizados por el Estado. Pero actualmente los mecanismos de exigibilidad y justiciabilidad que tiene el Estado mexicano para la protección de los derechos humanos son ineficaces. De ahí nace la pregunta de si el Estado mexicano concibe las normas constitucionales, dada la reforma al Artículo primero, en el 2011, como “Principios”, es decir, como “mandatos de optimización” (Alexy), o como “reglas constitutivas”. Los impactos que se siguen es que si son “principios” pueden realizarse dentro de lo posible; si son “normas” entendidas como “reglas constitutivas” y no se obedecen hay responsabilidad del Estado e impactan en la existencia, o no, de un Estado de derecho.
Palabras-clave: Seguridad pública, derechos humanos, mandato de optimización, reglas constitutivas
Abstract
In this paper, it was suggested that security, although it has varied its adjectivism, as "public", "citizen", "national", is a human right that must be guaranteed by the State. But today the mechanisms of enforceability and justiciability that the Mexican State has for the protection of human rights are ineffective. This raises the question of whether the Mexican State conceives constitutional norms, given the reform of Article One in 2011 as "Principles", that is, as "mandates of optimization" (Alexy), or as "constitutive rules". The impacts that follow are that if they are "principles" they can be realized as much as possible; if they are "norms" understood as "constitutive rules" and are not obeyed, there is responsibility of the State and they impact on the existence, or not, of a Rule of Law.
Keywords: Public Safety; Human Rights; Optimization Mandate; Constitutive Rules.
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