Influence of eating habits and sociodemographic aspects on systemic blood pressure control in older patients with hypertension classified by gender
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/demetra.2022.60347Keywords:
Arterial hypertension. Eating habits. Gender. Older adults.Abstract
Introduction: Arterial hypertension affects 60.9% of the older Brazilian population. Some of the factors influencing blood pressure (BP) are excessive salt and fat intake, alcoholism, low intake of fruit and vegetables, and obesity. Objective: To evaluate the influence of eating habits and sociodemographic aspects on BP control in older adults with hypertension according to gender. These patients were registered in a Family Health Strategy program in Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Method: The study included interviews with 327 older adults with hypertension aged ≥60 years, of both genderes, conducted between 2018 and 2020. Height, total body mass weight, and BP were measured. Results: The results showed predominance of women (62.1%), age group of 60–69 years (55.7%), mixed-race (56.0%), those who could read (85.9%), those with income of up to one minimum wage (56.0%), those with BP classified as prehypertension (39.8%), and overweight individuals (40.1%). There was a higher prevalence of older participants with high BP (63.0%) and those who did not have the habit of reading product labels. Conclusion: Most food habits evaluated showed no significant correlation with BP control in older adults with hypertension classified by gender. The results showed a correlation between the habit of reading product labels and the participants’ gender. Sociodemographic aspects such as gender/income, gender/health, and body mass index have a significant correlation. Future research should aim at monitoring older adults with hypertension after the implementation of health education measures to assess and monitor their effectiveness in controlling BP in this population.
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