Science, justice and anthropology in the south african debate on aids: making sensibilities and moral regulation among specialists

Abstract

This paper describes my doctoral fieldwork while researching the “AIDS debate” in South Africa. From archives, interviews, and participant observation in academic contexts and expert communities, I explore criticisms raised by some interlocutors against the alleged anthropological relativism and what they regard as the unsuitable position of anthropologists into the controversy. Amid pressure to ‘combat AIDS denialism’, mistrust and even open rejection of the anthropological thought, I also consider my personal situation into the academic and activists networks in Cape Town in light of the clash between “orthodox” or supporters of “science of AIDS” and “denialists” or “dissidents”. The usual difficulty of the ethnographic research is updated in this case, but it also brings up a new challenge: how anthropological knowledge can contribute to a better understanding of disputes and promote agreements especially when from native’s viewpoint such disputes seem nonexistent or insurmountable?