O uso, em história, da noção de representações sociais desenvolvida na psicologia social: um recurso metodológico possível / The use, in history, of the notion of social representations as developed in social psychology: a choice of methodology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/psi.saber.soc.2012.3244Abstract
RESUMO: As programações sociais dos comportamentos podem ser abordadas, em história, de diferentes ângulos. Uma das possibilidades é que os historiadores adotem, para tal abordagem, uma perspectiva sobre as representações sociais derivada da psicologia social. Tem sido mais usual que busquem soluções diferentes, como, por exemplo, a noção de habitus proposta por Pierre Bourdieu. Entretanto, pôde-se argumentar que esta última mostra um forte elitismo; as representações sociais vistas à maneira da psicologia social não partilham, porém, de tal defeito, já que as representações integram um tipo de saber vulgar, uma epistemologia do sentido comum. A utilidade principal, para os historiadores, do emprego da noção de representações sociais é a elucidação de um dos elementos mais importantes que incidem nas motivações dos agentes, cujo conhecimento histórico é extremamente difícil por razões de documentação.
ABSTRACT: The study of the social programming of behavior may be pursued in history according to different viewpoints. One of the possible choices would be, for historians, by employing a notion of social representations as derived from social psychology. It is more usual that historians choose differently, for example by adopting Pierre Bourdieu's habitus. Nevertheless, the latter is marked by strong elitism, a problem not shared by social representations as seen by social psychologists; in fact, in its context, social representations represent a vulgar form of knowledge, an embodiment of the epistemology of common sense. The main reason for historians to adopt the notion of social representations, as used in social psychology, is that it helps to elucidate one of the most important elements explaining the reasons by which people act. This is always very difficult to study historically, due to insufficient data.
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