The impact of climate disasters on the securitization of the Global Environmental Agenda in Oceania | O impacto dos desastres climáticos na securitização da Agenda Ambiental Global na Oceania
Palabras clave:
Oceania, Climate securitization, Climate disastersResumen
Este artículo analiza cómo los desastres climáticos extremos influyen en los procesos de securitización del cambio climático en Oceanía, con un enfoque comparativo en el Ciclón Winston en Fiji (2016) y los incendios forestales australianos de 2019-2020. Fundamentado en la Teoría de la Securitización de la Escuela de Copenhague y en el concepto de ventana de oportunidad de Kingdon, el estudio sostiene que los desastres actúan como catalizadores empíricos capaces de desplazar el cambio climático de la esfera de la gobernanza ambiental al ámbito de la seguridad. La metodología combina el análisis comparativo de estudios de caso y el análisis de contenido. Los resultados demuestran que la securitización climática adopta formatos distintos según la posición de los Estados en el sistema internacional: Fiji moviliza una gramática existencial orientada a la supervivencia y al financiamiento internacional, mientras que Australia privilegia respuestas militarizadas y centradas en la seguridad nacional. Se concluye que la securitización climática es contingente y desigual.
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