BRICS, the Global South, and the world order transformation: the New Development Bank | O Brics, o Sul Global e a transformação da ordem mundial: o Novo Banco de Desenvolvimento
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/rmi.2024.83564Keywords:
BRICS, Global South, New Development BankAbstract
BRICS as a project of the Global South for a new international order possibly shows either a contestatory position or an alternative institution. Official documents of the New Development Bank were examined in the light of the scientific literature and the Critical Theory to answer the question: How does BRICS, through the NDB, promotes initiatives that represent and benefit the Global South in the current international order? At first, we explain the Global South and the new international order as the genesis of the bloc. Secondly, we present the incremental changes resulting from the operation of the NDB, with a focus on its portfolio and the project in Aparecida de Goiânia. Thirdly, we discuss the anti-institutionalist attempt of the Bank still uncertain but with a transformative potential. Finally, we consider BRICS both as a bargaining instrument for member countries and as an opportunity for international cooperation and development.
References
Abdenur, A.; Folly, M. (2015). ‘O Novo Banco de Desenvolvimento e a Institucionalização do BRICS’. In: BAUMANN, R. BRICS: estudos e documentos. Brasília: FUNAG, p. 79-114. Disponível em: https://funag.gov.br/loja/download/1126-BRICS-Estudos_e_Documentos.pdf. [Acesso em: 1 jan. 2024].
Alden, C. et al. (Orgs.) (2010). The South in World Politics. Inglaterra: Palgrave Macmillan.
Almeida, P. (2010). ‘O Bric e a substituição de hegemonias: um exercício analítico (perspectiva histórico-diplomática sobre a emergência de um novo cenário global)’. In: BAUMANN, R. (Org.). O Brasil e os demais BRICs - Comércio e Política. Brasília: CEPAL. Brasília: IPEA, p. 131-154.
Amorim, C. (2008). ‘Os Brics e a reorganização do mundo’. Folha de S. Paulo, 8 jun. Disponível em: https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/opiniao/fz0806200807.htm. [Acesso em: 6 fev. 2024].
Badd, S. (2009). Behind the Development Banks: Washington Politics, World Poverty and the Wealth of Nations. Chicago e Londres: The Chigaco University Press.
Batista JR., P. N. (2019). O Brasil não cabe no quintal de ninguém: Bastidores da vida de um economista brasileiro no FMI e nos BRICS e outros textos sobre nacionalismo e nosso complexo de vira-lata. São Paulo: LeYa.
Batista JR., P. N. (2016). ‘BRICS - Novo Banco de Desenvolvimento’. Estudos Avançados, 30(88), p. 179-184.
Bermúdez, M. (Org.) (2023). El Actual Orden Económico Internacional: un obstáculo al desarrrollo - el principal reto para el Grupo de los 77 y China. Havana: Editorial José Martí.
Besharati, N.; Esteves, P. (2015). ‘Os BRICS, a Cooperação Sul-Sul e o campo da Cooperação para o Desenvolvimento Internacional’. Contexto Internacional. Rio de Janeiro, 37(1), p. 289-330.
Brics Policy Center (2018). Novo Banco de Desenvolvimento (NBD). BRICS Policy Center. Disponível em: https://bricspolicycenter.org/new-development-bank/. [Acesso em: 29 mar. 2024].
Chaturvedi, S. et al. (2021). ‘Development Cooperation in the Context of Contested Global Governance’. In: CHATURVEDI. et. al. (Ed.). The Palgrave Handbook of Development Cooperation for Achieving the 2030 Agenda. Londres: The Palgrave Macmillan. p. 1-21. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57938-8. [Acesso em: 30 set. 2023].
Cox, R. (1983). ‘Gramsci, hegemony and international relations: an essay in method’. Millenium Journal of International Studies, 12(2).
Cox, R. (1981). Social forces, States and World Orders: beyond International Relations Theory. Millenium Journal of International Studies, 10(2).
DECRETO. nº 8624. 29 dez, 2015. DECRETO Nº 8.624, DE 29 DE DEZEMBRO DE 2015. Acordo sobre o Novo Banco de Desenvolvimento. Disponível em: https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2015-2018/2015/decreto/d8624.htm [Acesso em: 15, ago 2024].
Ferreira, J. (2024). ‘Balanço dos primeiros 100 dias da política externa de Milei’. Observatório de Regionalismo (ODR), 19 mar. Disponível em: https://observatorio.repri.org/2024/03/19/balanco-dos-primeiros-100-dias-da-politica-externa-de-milei/. [Acesso em: 20 mar. 2024].
Giaccaglia, C; et al. (Orgs.) (2022). Soplan nuevos vientos: ¿Tiempos nuevos para BRICS? Marcos conceptuales y pujas de poder en la negociación de la agenda internacional. UNR Editora. Disponível em: https://rephip.unr.edu.ar/items/9fd069f4-8233-4eed-b57d-545fc741b32a. [Acesso em: 29 mar. 2024].
Herrero, A. (2024). ‘Potential Geoeconomic and Geopolitical Consequences of an Expanded BRICS’. Econ. Pol. Forum, v. 25, p. 5-9.
ICS; SDSC; CEBRAP. Cidades Sustentáveis - ODS. Dados informados relativos a 2023, 2024. Disponível em: https://idsc.cidadessustentaveis.org.br/profiles/5201405/performance. [Acesso em: 12/04/2024].
Jabbour, E. (2022). ‘How China and its anti-neoliberal globalization challenges the US-led imperialism and its Monroe Doctrine’. GIE - Geopolitical Economy, 28 ago. Disponível em: https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2022/08/28/china-anti-neoliberal-globalization-imperialism/. [Acesso em: 12 abr. 2024].
Jabbour, E.; Dantas, A.; Vadell, J. (2021). ‘Da Nova Economia do Projetamento à Globalização Instituída pela China’. Estudos Internacionais. Belo Horizonte, 9(4), Set., p.90-105.
Jabbour, E.; Gabriele, A. (2021). China: Socialismo do século XXI. São Paulo: Boitempo.
Katz, M. (2024). ‘The Geopolitical (In)Significance of BRICS Enlargement’. Econ. Pol. Forum, v. 25, p. 14-17.
Lechini, G. (2022). ‘Algunas reflexiones sobre el reordenamiento mundial y la Cooperación Sur-Sur’’. Relaciones Internacionales, Uruguai, 31(62). Disponível em: https://revistas.unlp.edu.ar/RRII-IRI/article/view/14056. [Acesso em: 29 mar. 2024].
Mangani, D. Y. (2024) ‘’BRICS as a Catalyst for Global Governance Transformation: Beyond Western Perceptions’’. MGIMO Review of International Relations, p. 46-64. Disponível em: https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/3615 [Acesso em: 03 abr. 2024].
Molinari, A.; Patrucchi, L. (2020a). El diseño institucional del Banco del Sur: ¿un modelo superador a la banca multilateral de desarrollo? H-industri@ vol. 27, pp. 27-53.
Molinari, A.; Patrucchi, L. (2020b). Rompiendo el molde: logros y desafíos de los nuevos bancos de desarrollo. Ciclos, Vol. XXVII, Nro. 54, 2020 ISSN 1851-3735, pp. 131-155.
Moreira Jr., H.; Figueira, M. (2014). ‘O Banco dos BRICS e os cenários de recomposição da ordem internacional’. Meridiano 47 - Journal of Global Studies, Brasília, 15(142), p. 54–62. Disponível em: https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/MED/article/view/4848. [Acesso em: 29 mar. 2024].
New Development Bank. (2024a). ‘Shareholding - Capital Structure & Subscription’. New Development Bank. Disponível em: https://www.ndb.int/about-ndb/shareholding/. [Acesso em: 12 abr. 2024].
New Development Bank. (2024b). ‘All projects’. New Development Bank. Disponível em: https://www.ndb.int/projects/all-projects/ Acesso em: 11 mar, 2024].
New Development Bank. (2023a). Address by NDB President, Dilma Rousseff at Opening of the Plenary Session of the 8th Annual Meeting of the NDB. 30 mai. Disponível em: https://www.ndb.int/insights/address-by-ndb-president-dilma-rousseff-at-opening-of-the-plenary-session-of-the-8th-annual-meeting-of-the-ndb/. [Acesso em: 29 mar. 2024].
New Development Bank. (2023b). ‘Aparecida de Goiânia 100 Years’ Infrastructure Program’. New Development Bank, 10 jul.. Disponível em: https://www.ndb.int/project/aparecida-de-goiania-100-years-infrastructure-program/#tabbed-standard. [Acesso em: 06 fev. 2024].
New Development Bank. (2022). ‘Novo Banco de Desenvolvimento: Marco Ambiental e Social’. New Development Bank. Disponível em: https://www.ndb.int/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/ESF-Translation-PT.pdf. [Acesso em: 11 mar. 2024].
New Development Bank. (2015). Agreement on the New Development Bank, Fortaleza, July 2015. Disponível em: Agreement-on-the-New-Development-Bank.pdf (ndb.int) [Acesso em 02 ago, 2024].
Niu, H. (2013). ‘A grande estratégia Chinesa e os BRICS’. Contexto Internacional, v. 35, p. 197-229.
Prashad, V. (2012). The Poorer Nations: a possible history of the global South. Londres: Verso.
Rached, G; Sá, R. (2024). ‘BRICS 15 Years On: Challenges and Opportunities for Emerging Countries in the Shifting Global Institutional Landscape’. MGIMO Review of International Relations. 1(17), p. 26-45.
Rousseff, D. (2023). Speech by the NDB President Mrs. Dilma Rousseff, at the Third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, Beijing, China, October 18, 2023. NDB Website: President´s Desk. Disponível em: https://www.ndb.int/insights/speech-by-the-ndb-president-mrs-dilma-rousseff-at-the-third-belt-and-road-forum-for-international-cooperation-beijing-china-october-18-2023/
Rousseff, D. (2023). Discurso de posse em 13 de abril de 2023. Canal do TV Brasil no Youtube. Disponível em: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Al0CI2wHC4
Smith, K. (2020). ‘Order, ordering and disorder’. In: TICKNER, A.; SMITH, K. (Orgs.) International Relations from the Global South: Worlds of Difference. Londres: Routledge. p. 77-96.
Stuenkel, O. (2015). The BRICS and the Future of Global Order. Nova Iorque: Lexington Books.
Stuenkel, O. (2016). Post Western World: How emerging powers are remaking global order. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Tickner, A.; Smith, K. (2020). ‘Introduction: International Relations from the Global South’. In: TICKNER, A.; SMITH, K. (Orgs.) International Relations from the Global South: Worlds of Difference. Londres: Routledge, 2020.
Wallerstein, I. (2014). ‘Que interesses são atendidos pelos BRICS?’ Tensões Mundiais (Edição Temática): BRICS. Fortaleza, 10(18), p. 485-487.
World Bank Group. (2024). Voting Powers. The World Bank. Disponível em: https://www.worldbank.org/en/about/leadership/votingpowers. [Acesso em: 12 abr. 2024].
World Bank Group. (2022). Four Decades of Poverty Reduction in China: Drivers, Insights for the World, and the Way Ahead. Washington, DC: World Bank. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1877-6. [Acesso em: 11 mar. 2024].
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Marina Bolfarine Caixeta, Bruna Dias Pithan, José Paulo Silva Ferreira, Marcelo Mariano
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The Copyrights of articles published in Revista Mural Internacional belong to their respective author (s), with the first publication rights assigned to Mural International, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows sharing the work with an acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal. Due to the fact that they appear in Mural Internacional, the articles are free to use, with mandatory attribution of authorship, for use in educational and non-commercial applications, according to the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License adopted by this journal.
This work is licensed under a license Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional.
