GEOMORPHOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN RIO DE JANEIRO CITY DURING THE XIX AND XX CENTURY

Abstract

The transformations that took place throughout the 19th and 20th centuries on the relief of Rio de Janeiro City, linked to the need to expand its urban site, led to a significant change in its natural landscape. This article seeks to discuss some of the changes that occurred based on the concepts of landscape and technogenic reliefs, seeking to highlight changes originated by the interventions and morphological alterations associated with the land use and occupancy policy. The methodological bases are based on the analysis of the bibliographic production on urban evolution, historical images and photographic records capable of demonstrating anthropic changes in the terrain. Thereby, we look forward to elucidating how the city was transformed and how it expanded, mainly through innumerable landfills (over mangrove ecosystems, lagoons and swampy areas), recognized here as typologies of technogenic relief called “made ground” in the field of scientific research.