THE THERMAL FIELD IN URBAN AREAS IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON: EPISODE ANALYSIS IN THE CITY OF TEFÉ-AM

Abstract

The aim of the research was to analyze the thermal field and the heat islands in a city of equatorial climate in the Brazilian Amazon. The spatial clipping was the city of Tefé, located in the region of the Middle Solimões in the interior of the state of Amazonas. For this, mobile transects were performed on representative days of the month of October, which is inserted in the less rainy seasonal period called the Amazonian summer, to collect air temperature data in 37 points of the city. The data were tabulated and interpolated by the IDW method in the QGIS software. The surface temperature chart and the NDVI were also generated for analysis of the thermal structure and soil occupation. The thermal differences between the points varied up to 4.6 ° C, and in the central part of the city of the oldest occupation, construction density and sparse urban afforestation, the island of heat was of great magnitude. Surface temperatures varied from 25°C to 30°C and also indicated the concentration of heating in the central part, derived from the wide coverage of constructive materials inappropriate for the equatorial climate. In addition, it was verified that the high density of arboreal vegetation was associated to the configuration of the island of freshness. It is concluded that the urban climate studies should be articulated to the planning and (re) production of the urban space, since even located in the middle of the deep Amazon the social production of the urban climate in an unequal way can potentiate problems related to thermal discomfort and the health of part of the population.