Diabetic pneumopathy: A study of induced sputum and pulmonary function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/bjhbs.2019.53509Resumo
Objective: To evaluate the cellularity, and albumin and interleukin
(IL)-1 levels in induced sputum (IS), and to determine
respiratory function parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes
mellitus (DM2). Design: A cross-section study in type 2
diabetes mellitus. Participants: Patients with type 2 diabetes
mellitus and healthy people. Methods: Patients in both groups
had normal chest x-ray findings. Exclusion criteria for both
groups were: the presence of current pulmonary disease or
sequelae, smoking, respiratory atopy, or respiratory infection
in the past 3 months. The study consisted of two sub-studies.
In sub-study 1 (SS1), measurements of pulmonary volume and
flow, and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) were
performed. In sub-study 2 (SS2), analysis of cellularity, albumin,
and IL-1 in IS was performed. Results: In all, 60 patients
(45 women, 75%) with DM2 with a mean age of 59.52 years (SD,
9.03) were included in SS1. The DM2 group included 8 patients
with airway obstruction (13.33%) without reversibility with
bronchodilators, and 9 with restrictive disease (15.00 %) (p =
0.026). The DLCO was reduced in 17 patients (28.33%) in the
DM2 group. In the control group, all individuals had values
within the reference intervals. Lymphocytosis was found in
the IS of patients with DM2 (p = 0.028). The levels of sputum
albumin showed no statistical difference between the two
groups. Conclusion: Our findings indicate the presence of
pulmonary impairment in DM2, characterized by changes in
the respiratory function and a lymphocytosis in IS.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus type 2; Induced sputum;
Lymphocytes.
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