Land-based versus water-based walking programs in elderly women with knee osteoarthritis: preliminary results of a randomized clinical trial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/bjhbs.2019.53504Abstract
Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis (kOA) is a chronic degenerative
disorder. Aerobic exercise programs have been effective
treatments to reduce symptoms in kOA. However, studies
comparing land- and water-based interventions did not
control for the intensity of exercise programs. Objectives:
Investigate the effects of walking programs with a controlled
progressive workload in water compared to land in terms of
pain, functional and physical performance, and quality of
life in elderly women with kOA. Materials and Methods: The
walking training programs were divided into two groups:
1) land-based aerobic training (LB); and 2) water-based aerobic
training (WB). Each training session was divided into
three phases: 1 – Warm-up (5 minutes): stretching exercises;
2 - Training (30 to 55 minutes): walking at target heart rate;
3 – Cool-down (5 minutes). Sixteen elderly women with kOA
underwent assessments of functional performance using the
six-minute walk test (6MWT) and the stair test (ST), while
physical performance, maximum oxygen consumption (VO-
2max) and anaerobic threshold (AT) were determined during a
progressive test. kOA was assessed by the Western Ontario and
McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and
quality of life was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study
36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). All parameters were
reevaluated after 12 weeks of aerobic training that consisted of
walking (duration: 30-55 min.; intensity: 72-82% of maximal
heart rate). Results: No significant difference between the LB
and WB groups was found. There was a reduction in self-reported
pain (by WOMAC), increased performance in the 6MWT
and ST, increased VO2max and VO2max corresponding to AT
and improved quality of life (by SF-36) in both groups after
training compared with before intervention. Conclusion:
Land-based aerobic training was as effective as its water-based
equivalent in clinical, physical and functional parameters in
elderly women with knee OA.
Keywords: Osteoarthritis of knee; Elderly; Aerobic training.
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