Prevalence of sickle cell trait in blood donors: A systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/bjhbs.2019.53498Abstract
Introduction: The sickle cell trait is a genetic mutation characterized
by the presence of hemoglobin S (HbS) in heterozygosis
in which patients are asymptomatic, which makes
them suitable for blood donation. Aim: Systematizing data
related to the prevalence of the sickle cell trait among blood
donors. Materials and methods: A search of the literature was
conducted in May 2019 to seek articles published from 1990
and which had available online abstracts, in four electronic
databases. Studies were selected with the following characteristics:
(1) original work; (2) observational; (3) developed with
blood donors; and (4) showing prevalence of sickle cell trait.
Two independent reviewers identified the articles for inclusion
in this systematic review of the literature (SRL), extracted
the pre-determined data and carried out the evaluation of the
works’ methodological quality. Results: Eight studies published
in the last 12 years in different countries were selected to
take part in this SRL. With variable sample size, all presented a
cross-sectional methodology. For the detection of the presence
of HbS, electrophoresis in alkaline pH was commonly used.
The statistical analysis developed involved simple techniques,
showing that the prevalence of blood donors with sickle cell
trait ranged from 0.4% to 20.8%. The majority of studies was
considered of high methodological quality. Conclusion: The
prevalence of sickle cell trait among blood donors varies widely,
although it may not be moderate, given that the screening
of HbS has important clinical significance for the proper use
of this blood component.
Keywords: Sickle cell trait; Blood donor; Blood transfusion.
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