O Logos de Heráclito, segundo Heidegger

Abstract

In this study, we will analyze Heidegger's interpretation of the meaning of the Greek term Logos (Λόγος) as it appears in the fragments of Heraclitus of Ephesus. To do so, we will primarily rely on his lecture titled "Logos" (1951) and his essay "Logic: The Heraclitean Doctrine of Logos" (1944). Occasionally, we also make references to passages from other writings of the same period that engage with these works. We will argue that a profound understanding of Heidegger's interpretation of what Logos is cannot be achieved without a general explanation of his understanding of two other fundamental Greek terms in "pre-Socratic" philosophy: physis (φύσις) and alétheia (ἀλήθεια). In addition to defining what Logos is, we will also analyze, primarily through Heidegger's reading of Heraclitus' fragment 50, the relationship between humans and Logos as the capacity for correspondence to it, as well as the existing connection between the original meaning of Logos and language.