Nem Independência Nem Unificação: a Política de Taiwan para a China Continental durante o Governo Ma Ying-Jeou (2008–2016) | Neither Independence nor Unification: Taiwan’s Mainland China Policy during the Ma Ying-jeou Era (2008–2016) |
Palavras-chave:
Ma Ying-jeou, Taiwan, China Continental, Relações através do EstreitoResumo
O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a política de Taiwan em relação à China continental durante a administração de Ma Ying-jeou como uma estratégia de economic statecraft, e como essa política influenciou as dimensões econômica, externa e das relações entre os dois lados do Estreito. Em 2008, Ma, do Kuomintang, venceu a eleição presidencial taiwanesa, encerrando oito anos da administração pró-independência de Chen Shui-bian e alterando de forma substantiva as relações entre Taiwan e a China. Ma, que se identificava como etnicamente chinês e se posicionava contra a independência de Taiwan, adotou diversas medidas, incluindo a suspensão de atividades pró-independência, o estabelecimento de contatos diretos com Pequim e a assinatura de múltiplos acordos econômicos. Embora as relações entre os dois lados do Estreito tenham melhorado, não foram conduzidas negociações políticas. O artigo sustenta que Ma adotou estrategicamente uma postura favorável à China com o objetivo principal de extrair concessões políticas e econômicas de Pequim. De facto, Ma promoveu a manutenção da soberania de Taiwan ao rejeitar a unificação e ao pressionar Pequim a enquadrar as negociações entre os dois lados do Estreito como uma forma especial de relações não internacional de “Estado para Estado”.
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