Global Competition, Uneven and Combined Development, and Regulatory Reforms: a critical analysis of the World Bank's Doing Business ranking | Competição Global, Desenvolvimento Desigual e Combinado e Reformas Regulatórias: uma análise crítica do ranking Doing Business do Banco Mundial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/rmi.2024.86378Palavras-chave:
Doing Business; Desenvolvimento Desigual e Combinado; Banco Mundial.Resumo
Nos últimos 30 anos, indicadores de desempenho como os rankings internacionais ganharam relevância e influência na governança Global do Desenvolvimento. Majoritariamente hospedados por organizações do Norte, esses instrumentos são notórios por sua capacidade de influir no comportamento de Estados e por introduzir reformas em um conjunto de áreas. Neste artigo, eu foco no ranking Doing Business do Banco Mundial, uma ferramenta responsável por induzir milhares de reformas no ambiente regulatório de diversas economias do Sul. Baseado em conceitos da abordagem do Desenvolvimento Desigual e Combinado, eu analiso as origens, funcionamento e contradições desta ferramenta. Eu argumento que, enquanto promove uma perspectiva de desenvolvimento baseada no paradigma neoliberal da desregulação e competição global, o Doing Business endossa uma visão pouco complexa e ahistórica do Internacional, a qual também é incapaz de reconhecer a natureza da desigualdade entre Estados centrais e periféricos no capitalismo global.
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