A ascensão geoeconômica do leste asiático na segunda metade do século xx: méritos e incompletudes das interpretações analíticas | The geoeconomic rise of east asia in the second half of the xxth century: merits and incompleteness of analytical interpretations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12957/rmi.2023.70546Palavras-chave:
Leste Asiático. Desenvolvimento. Economia PolíticaResumo
O principal objetivo deste artigo é analisar as principais literaturas debruçadas sobre a ascensão geopolítica e geoeconômica da região conhecida como Leste Asiático, termo aqui empregado em alusão aos casos históricos do Japão, da Coreia do Sul e de Taiwan. Dessa forma, serão colocadas em escrutínio três narrativas que buscaram dar respostas e explicações acerca de tal ascensão regional: a liberal, incorporando uma perspectiva centrada na teoria ricardiana das vantagens comparativas do comércio; a institucionalista, com ênfase sobre as políticas domésticas e engenharia institucional do Estado fomentando o desenvolvimento; e, por fim, a narrativa geopolítica, centrada em fatores sistêmicos que possibilitaram tais trajetórias. Após mapear essas três grandes interpretações, enfim procederei com uma visão crítica acerca de seus acertos e erros.
Palavras-chave: Leste Asiático. Desenvolvimento. Economia Política.
ABSTRACT
The main goal of this article is to analyze the main literatures focused on the geopolitical and geoeconomic rise of the region known as East Asia, term here employed in allusion to the historical cases of Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. Thus, three narratives that sought to provide answers and explanations about such regional rise will be scrutinized: the liberal one, incorporating a perspective centered on the Ricardian theory of comparative advantages of trade; the institutionalist, with an emphasis on domestic policies and institutional engineering of the State to foster development; and, finally, the geopolitical narrative, centered on systemic factors that made such trajectories possible. After mapping these three major interpretations, I will finally proceed with a critical view of their successes and errors.
Keywords: East Asia. Development. Political Economy.
Recebido em: 03 out. 2022 | Aceito em: 08 fev. 2023.
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